INTERNET

INTERNET

INTERNET:

n     The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks 

n     traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are reshaped or redefined by the Internet.

n     Newspaper, book and other print publishing are adapting to Web site technology, or are re-shaped.

Terminology:

n     Internet is a short form of the technical term internetwork

n     The Internet is also often referred to as the Net.

n     The Internet is a global data communications system.

n     The World Wide Web are not one and the same.

Internetworking:

n     Internetworking is the practice of connecting a computer network with other networks through the use of gateways that provide a common method of routing information packets between the networks. The resulting system of interconnected networks is called an internetwork, or simply an internet.

The Origins of the Internet:

n     The year is 1968 and it is the height of the Cold War.

n     Most of the Pentagon’s confidential information is by now already stored on computers.

n     These computers were housed at strategic locations throughout the US.

n     An idea: to connect all the computers by some means so that the information from all the remaining functioning computers could still be obtained from any one of the other.

n     Even at that time as an eminent nuclear attack.

n     The project was code named Arpanet short for Advanced Research Project Agency Network (U.S. Department of Defense).

n     In 1969, Arpanet connected four computers in four different universities throughout western United States.

n     These four computers are the earliest predecessors of the Internet.

n     In Arpanet, the burden of information transfer and communication: each computer was responsible in packaging the information as well as making sure it reached its intended destination.

n     To facilitate communication between computers a protocol was established.

n     Eventually this protocol was called the Transfer Control Protocol and Internet Protocol or TCP/ IP for short.

n     After 1969 (the Cold War subsided) many computers linking up to Arpanet and adding to its information database.

n     Educational, private and commercial networks joined in.

n     1971 -1993 were a period of intense innovation in which almost all of the tools of the Internet.

n     They were the e-mail (1971), FTP (used for file downloads, 1973), USENET (premier discussion channel, 1979), IRC (the famous Internet Relay Chat, 1988) and last but not least the WWW (or the World Wide Web, 1991).

n     A revolution: the information was stored, presented and searched on the Internet.

n     1995 : the 1st search engines created the following years more innovations like the Internet Phone, Video Conferencing, JavaScript, Multimedia enhancements and Web TV blurred the distinction between the TV and computer. At present the Internet is not only a premier source of knowledge and information, but is increasingly becoming a major player in the field of entertainment as well.

n     Structure.

n     Uses.

n     Technology.

Services: Information/Communication/Data transfer/Social impact: created new ways to socialize and interact.

    Users of these sites are able to add a wide variety of information to pages, to pursue common interests, and to connect with others.

Ignored by the telephone industry:

n     Disruptive technology (packet switching) not appreciated by established industry

n     A disruptive innovation is one that introduces a very different package of attributes to a marketplace than the ones that mainstream customers historically have valued

n     Firms that are close to their customers often discount these new technologies

What Drives the Popularity of the Internet?

n     The spread of the PC

n     The cost of using the Internet

n     Packet switching crams more messages into same space

n     Access - flat rate local calls

What the Internet Does Best?

n     Email

n     Research

n     Telephony

n     Radio and broadcasting

n     E-commence

Obstacles to Growth:

a) Quality of service

n     Security

n     Interception

n     Congestion

b)   Access

n     At home

n     PC

Supply and demand:

n     Demand may increase because of increased wealth

n     Lower costs leads to a rightward shift in the supply curve, lower prices and higher output

n     By boosting productivity, Internet can restrain the beginning of inflation

n     Advantages over previous technologies

n     Across the entire economy

n     Prices falling more rapidly than other examples

Why is the Internet Important?

n     Global span

n     Convergence of technologies

n     Spur for innovation

Characteristics  of Internet:

•        Product of the public sector

•        Ignored by telephone industry

•        A single standard

•        Public property

•        No central command

•        American dominance

World Wide Web:

n     The World Wide Web, abbreviated as WWW and commonly known as the Web, is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks.

n     Web, is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.

n     The World Wide Web, or simply Web, is a way of accessing information over the medium of the Internet.

n     It is an information-sharing model that is built on top of the Internet.

FEATURE:

n     ISP

n     BROWSERS

n     TYPES OF WEBSITES

n     VIDEO CONFERENCING

n     WEBCASTING

n     PORTAL

n     LINKS

n     IP

n     SEARCH ENGINE

Networking:

n      Networking is a common synonym for developing and maintaining contacts and personal connections with a variety of people who might be helpful to you and your career. It is an especially important aspect of career management in the financial services industry, since it is helps you keep abreast of :

n     carrier

n     developments

n     Trends

n     others

ONLINE COMMUNOCATION:

n     Online communication is the use of communication technologies to pass and receive information online, facilitating interaction, discussion and communication.

n        Online chat can refer to any kind of communication over the Internet, primarily meant to refer to direct one-on-one chat or text-based group chat.

The Feature of Online Communication:

n     Distance education 

n     Direct communication

n     Time saving

n     Size of community

n     Immediate messaging 

n     Language

n     Variety

n     Level of message

Webcasting:

n     Webcasting is using the internet to broadcast delayed or real-time music or video programming.

n     What you need?

n     Who can webcast?

n     Webcast perks

n     Webcast drawbacks

Videoconferencing:

n     A videoconference or video conference (also known as a video-teleconference) is a set of interactive telecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously. It has also been called 'visual collaboration' and is a type of groupware.

A Tandberg T3 high resolution telepresence room in use.

Indonesian and U.S. students participating in an educational videoconference.

                                         

URL:

n     Uniform Resource Locator

ICT:

n     information and communications technology   or

n     information and communication technology

n     ICT consists of all technical means used to handle information and aid communication, including computer and network hardware, communication middleware as well as necessary software.

n     often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT) but is usually a more general term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals).

n     intelligent building management systems and audio-visual systems in modern information technology.

n     In other words, ICT consists of IT as well as telephony, broadcast media, all types of audio and video processing and transmission and network based control and monitoring functions.

n      The expression was first used in 1997 in a report by Dennis Stevenson to the UK government and promoted by the new National Curriculum documents for the UK in 2000.

n     ICT is often used in the context of "ICT roadmap" to indicate the path that an organization will take with their ICT needs.

n     The term ICT is now also used to refer to the merging (convergence) of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system.